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David Lawrence Reade
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Tufa Towers

September 2006

Tufa is common limestone. What is uncommon about this limestone is the way it forms. Typically, underwater springs rich in calcium mix with lakewater rich in carbonates. As the calcium comes in contact with carbonates in the lake, a chemical reaction occurs resulting in calcium carbonate - limestone. The calcium carbonate precipitates (settles out of solution as a solid) around the spring, and over the course of decades to centuries, a tufa tower will grow. Tufa towers grow exclusively underwater, and some grow to heights of over 30 feet. I took these images at Mono Lake in California in January 2006.

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